what is jihad??
লিখেছেন লিখেছেন muhaimin ০৬ জুন, ২০১৩, ০৬:৪১:১৩ সকাল
What does Jihad mean?
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The word Jihad represents a concept
which is much misunderstood in the
West. The concept is explained nicely
by the Christian scholar Ira 6. Zepp, Jr.
in his book entitled A Muslim Primer
on pages 133-135. We adapt from his
answer the following:
The essential meaning of Jihad is the
spiritual, psychological, and physical
effort we exert to be close to God and
thus achieve a just and harmonious
society. Jihad literally means
"striving" or "struggle" and is
shorthand for Jihad fi Sabeel Allah
(struggle for God's cause). In a sense,
every Muslim is a Mujahid, one who
strives for God and justice.
Al-Ghazali captured the essence of
Jihad when he said: "The real Jihad is
the warfare against (one's own)
passions. Dr. Ibrahim Abu-Rabi calls
Jihad "the execution of effort against
evil in the self and every
manifestation of evil in society." In a
way, Jihad is the Muslim's purest
sacrifice: a struggle to live a perfect
life and completely submit to God.
Another form of Jihad is the striving
to translate the Word of God into
action. If one has experienced God and
received guidance from the Qur'an,
one struggles to apply that guidance in
daily life. So the larger, more
prevalent meaning of Jihad is the
spiritual struggle of the soul. In this
case, Jihad is always present for the
believer whether there is an external
enemy or not. We should never
reduce Jihad to violence.
A third level of Jihad is popularly
known as "holy war." The classic
passage is found in the Qur'an:
Fight in the way of Allah those who
fight against you, but transgress not
the limits. Truly Allah likes not the
transgressors (Qur'an 2:190).
It is crucial to note here that what is
condoned is defensive warfare; Islam
cannot justify aggressive war.
Muhammad and the Tradition are also
against killing non-combatants,
torturing of prisoners, the destruction
of crops, animals and homes. Adapted
from Ira 6. Zepp, Jr., A Muslim Primer
(1992, Wakefield Editions, US)
pp.133-135.
Robert Ellwood of the University of
Southern California has the following
to say about the Muslim concept of
Jihad:
Out of the community ideal of Islam
comes the concept of jihad, or holy
war, which is designed to defend
Islam and allow its social practice,
though not to force individual
conversions, which is forbidden. Since
Islam in principle is a community as
well as a religion, presumably only an
absolute pacifist would be able to
reject the theory of jihad out of hand,
since other communities also fight to
defend or expand their ways of life.
(Many Peoples, Many Faiths by Robert
S. Ellwood, 4th edition, Simon &
Schuster, US, 1982, p.346).
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